As climate change creates stronger, potentially more frequent storms, building campaigns that respond to disasters and empower victims is crucial to meeting both climate and justice goals. The Philippines, a country vulnerable to natural disasters and climate change, is on the front lines of crisis response.
There, the climate threat and the need to build resiliency became harsh reality in 2013, when one of the strongest tropical storms in recorded history formed in the Pacific and hit the Philippines. Super Typhoon Haiyan – whose massive size and strength many scientists clearly connected to climate change – washed away entire villages, destroyed infrastructure, and left thousands homeless. Haiyan impacted the entire Philippines economy, and was a watershed moment for the country.
Greenpeace Philippines, like many organisations in the country, was not ready. Despite the link between Haiyan’s devastating impact and Greenpeace’s programmatic work in energy, climate justice, and ecological agriculture, the response was far less than it could have been.
“Greenpeace did not do any kind of response primarily because the magnitude and scale of the typhoon was [so huge] that we felt that we couldn’t provide any means to the relief efforts,” said Amalie Obusan, Philippines Country Director for Greenpeace Southeast Asia. “Staff and volunteers did help in a personal capacity,” Obusan added, “and Greenpeace used its vehicles in coordination with Manila authorities when a mass migration of displaced families arrived in the city.”
“We learned from that experience, we were much more prepared … the following year, in December, when Typhoon Ruby (international name: Hagupit) hit the Philippines.”
This is the new reality that climate scientists have warned us about – that as long as global greenhouse emissions rose, a disaster and climate vulnerable country like the Philippines was inevitably going to be hit by strong typhoons and other climate-related weather events. Greenpeace seeks to be more proactive for its sake as a local, respected, Philippines NGO. Working with impacted communities demonstrates how Greenpeace’s goals may empower people to withstand climate impacts.
Together with the Greenpeace Response Lab, the Philippines office made a plan to prepare and respond to future extreme weather disasters.
According to Obusan, the key was understanding Greenpeace’s resources, and building a communications framework.
“We had a system and a structure that allowed quick decision-making, and (a clear understanding of) the resources we had that could aid people.”
Building campaigns that help by getting out of planning mode
The plan had been developed for potential extreme weather impacts connected to El Nino, but as Typhoon Ruby readied to hit the Philippines in late November 2014, the plan was adaptable. Unlike the previous year, local Greenpeace staff were ready.
“The usual response would be big trucks of monoculture seeds. We wanted to show that smallholder farmers, if organized together, can help.”
– Wilhelmina Pelegrina, Ecological Agriculture Campaigner at Greenpeace Philippines
Greenpeace’s response came in three phases. First came a media response, focused on issues of climate justice. Timing helped: as Ruby neared the country, global leaders were gathering for the COP20 climate talks in Lima, Peru. A decision by the local office to invite Kumi Naidoo (then International Executive Director of Greenpeace International) to visit affected regions, instead of going to Peru shortly after the storm hit, sent a powerful message to regular Filipinos about the importance of climate justice.
Second, the response team on the ground identified a need for electricity. Staff quickly organised distribution of solar kits to be used by aid workers and first-responders.
The third wave of response was a seed exchange organized by the Food & Agriculture team. The effort connected to Greenpeace’s work promoting ecological farming as an alternative to the seed monocultures promoted by Monsanto and other large corporations. This was not planned in advance. The idea came not from the top-down, but from the bottom up, and it directly connected the response with the work of the Food & Agriculture team in a powerful way.
“The usual response would be big trucks of monoculture seeds,” said Wilhelmina Pelegrina, Ecological Agriculture Campaigner. “We wanted to show that smallholder farmers, if they are organized together, they can help.”
The seed program provided a meaningful response to both victims and farmers who wanted to help. It also brought ample, almost universally positive media coverage. The seed exchange continued long after the initial disaster response phase ended because of the connection between seeds and long-term resilience.
“It was a big logistical undertaking,” said Vigie Benosa-Llorin. “We wouldn’t be able to say how much of this was Greenpeace, how much was farmers, how much was networks, but to do it in two weeks was record breaking (for us).”
The synergy of the response meant it flowed almost seamlessly from the climate justice response, with Kumi Naidoo, to renewable energy, and then to the eco-agriculture seed exchange. This wasn’t planned explicitly, but was no accident as Greenpeace priorities were tied to disaster response. Letting on the ground reality guide priorities also reduced turf battles between teams working in tandem, not in competition.
“The transition was so much smoother than expected,” said Obusan. “The first phase of the work was very clear climate justice messaging, then we slowly transitioned to renewable energy as adaptation technology in a time of crisis … and third … connecting (the response) to long-term implications for a country … bringing in the message of sustainable agriculture. That happened organically.”
Key Takeaways
Don’t be something you’re not. Greenpeace is not an aid organization, and local staff never tried to change the role of the organization to mimic the work of a relief organization. They found synergies connected to existing campaign work.
Communication is essential. For nearly two weeks, Greenpeace operated a 24-hour crisis communications center. Keeping channels of communication between response teams on the ground, international staff, and allies was crucial in ensuring the response was as effective as could be.
Use existing networks. The seed exchange did not require Greenpeace to build new connections with farmers – these were communities that the Food and Agriculture team worked with regularly. Moreover, having farmers provide seeds directly to other farmers allowed the organisation to avoid possible bureaucratic delays.
Part of that was a willingness to give greater say to the response teams in the disaster-affected areas, allowing them to play an important role in deciding the response, with clear communication channels in place so that they could reach the entire organization.
“Giving teams on the ground that space to maneuver and trust the information that is coming from the ground, proved to be very instructive in our decision making processes,” said Obusan.
Learning to let others lead
Also key was not trying to have everything run by Greenpeace, but letting others, such as farmers, lead. According to Obusan, this was a major cultural shift for staff, with huge positives.
“This openness to involve others, and not just doing work that is to be run by GP people (allows) others to join your work, and creates a much more meaningful impact in the external world,” said Obusan.
Greenpeace is not a relief organization, and the response was not meant to position the organization as a counterpart to those doing incredibly important aid work. But it recognized something else just as important; that the organization’s role in Phillipines society meant when a disaster hit, it affected Greenpeace as much as anyone else.
“We went there as Greenpeace volunteers, as part of the community,” said Amalie. “Even if we are working on climate change, it really is a cross cutting issue; food security, power, social justice, human rights. However painful (Ruby was) in terms of property damage and life, we found a way to make it work.”
According to Aaron Gray-Block with Greenpeace’s Response Lab, who worked with Greenpeace Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan, the change in thinking was substantial.
“There was a remarkable improvement and increase in the office’s ability to adapt and respond to any sort of extreme weather event,” said Gray-Block. “Based on the blueprint developed, they had a willingness to respond, the ability to be flexible in planning and to go into overtime when the need arose.”
Top photo: Farmers exchange planting materials to choose only which they at a seeds distribution in Dolores, Eastern Samar, Philippines. A group of farmers from the islands of Cebu, Bohol and Negros – strong movers of sustainable and ecological agriculture – came together in the spirit of ‘Balaynihan’ to aid fellow farmers by collecting ecologically farmed rice seeds, root crops, vegetable seeds and organic fertilizers. Photo © Charlie Saceda / Greenpeace.